B2ND Metalayer Format

This is a metalayer on top of a Blosc2 CFrame or SFrame that is meant for storing multidimensional information.

Specifically, this metalayer is named ‘b2nd’ and follows this format:

|-0-|-1-|-2-|-3-|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|---|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|---|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|
| 9X| v | nd| 9X| shape          | 9X| chunkshape     | 9X| blockshape     |
|---|---|---|---|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|---|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|---|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|
  ^   ^   ^   ^                    ^                    ^
  |   |   |   |                    |                    |
  |   |   |   |                    |                    +--[msgpack] fixarray with X=nd elements
  |   |   |   |                    +--[msgpack] fixarray with X=nd elements
  |   |   |   +--[msgpack] fixarray with X=nd elements
  |   |   +--[msgpack] positive fixnum for the number of dimensions (up to 127)
  |   +--[msgpack] positive fixnum for the metalayer format version (up to 127)
  +---[msgpack] fixarray with X=7 elements

The shape section is meant to store the actual shape info:

|---|--8 bytes---|---|--8 bytes---|~~~~~|---|--8 bytes---|
| d3| first_dim  | d3| second_dim | ... | d3| nth_dim    |
|---|------------|---|------------|~~~~~|---|------------|
  ^                ^                      ^
  |                |                      |
  |                |                      +--[msgpack] int64
  |                +--[msgpack] int64
  +--[msgpack] int64

Next, the chunkshape section is meant to store the actual chunk shape info:

|---|--4 bytes---|---|--4 bytes---|~~~~~|---|--4 bytes---|
| d2| first_dim  | d2| second_dim | ... | d2| nth_dim    |
|---|------------|---|------------|~~~~~|---|------------|
  ^                ^                      ^
  |                |                      |
  |                |                      +--[msgpack] int32
  |                +--[msgpack] int32
  +--[msgpack] int32

Next, the blockshape section is meant to store the actual block shape info:

|---|--4 bytes---|---|--4 bytes---|~~~~~|---|--4 bytes---|
| d2| first_dim  | d2| second_dim | ... | d2| nth_dim    |
|---|------------|---|------------|~~~~~|---|------------|
  ^                ^                      ^
  |                |                      |
  |                |                      +--[msgpack] int32
  |                +--[msgpack] int32
  +--[msgpack] int32

Finally, the dtype section is meant to store the data type information:

|---|---|--4 bytes---|--------------|
| XX| db| dtype_len  | dtype_string |
|---|---|------------|--------------|
  ^   ^
  |   |
  |   +--[msgpack] str32
  +--[msgpack] positive fixint (7-bit integer). dtype_format; 0 means NumPy format.

The 0 value for dtype_format means that the dtype_string field follows the NumPy convention (e.g. an int32_t dtype is represented as “<i4”). For more examples on NumPy dtype specs, see https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/arrays.dtypes.html#arrays-dtypes-constructing.